Microtia  is not a disease. Microtia is a congenital deformity resulting in an abnormally small, malformed or absent external ear (see Picture). This can range from minor structural issues to the complete absence of the external ear, known as anotia. The condition usually affects one ear but can occur in both ears. The incidence ratio of the microtia is various depending on the ethnic group. This ratio is about 1/6000 -1/8000 babies born. The incidence ratio of this disease is higher in the Asian communities. Commonly, the microtia is 2 times more in men than in women and 2 times more in the right than in the left. The both sides’ microtia ratio is 10-20% of the number cases.

For children under 10 who have had ear surgery, many parents worry about the noticeable size difference between the ears as their child grows. What will an ear with synthetic cartilage look like after one year? Here is a 6-year-old child who had ear surgery at age 5. The doctors made the right ear 10% larger than the left to ensure that, as the child grows, both ears will eventually match. Parents, take note!

The MedPor implant is a biocompatible, porous polyethylene implant used in reconstructive surgeries, including for microtia. Here are some key points about MedPor implants: 1. Material: MedPor is made from high-density polyethylene, which is biocompatible and allows for tissue integration. The porous structure promotes fibrovascular ingrowth, which helps the implant integrate with the patient's tissue. 2. Procedure: During the surgery, the MedPor implant is shaped to resemble the ear framework and is covered with skin grafts. This can be done as early as 3 to 5 years old. 3. Advantages: ·         Single Surgery: Unlike rib cartilage grafts, which require multiple surgeries, MedPor implants can often be placed in a single procedure. ·         Customization: The implant can be customized to match the shape and projection of the patient's natural ear, ensuring better symmetry. ·         No Donor Site Morbidity: Since the implant is synthetic, there is no need to harvest cartilage from the patient's body, avoiding additional surgical sites. 4. Risks: There are some risks associated with MedPor implants, including infection and extrusion (where the implant pushes out of the skin). However, these risks are relatively low. MedPor implants offer a promising option for ear reconstruction, especially for younger children or those who prefer a less invasive approach compared to rib cartilage grafts.

Single-stage MedPor microtia reconstruction is an advanced surgical technique that can be performed endoscopically. 1. Single-Stage Surgery: Unlike traditional rib cartilage grafts, which often require multiple surgeries, MedPor reconstruction can typically be completed in a single stage. This reduces the overall treatment time and minimizes the number of surgeries a patient must undergo. 2. Endoscopic Approach: Using endoscopic techniques allows for smaller incisions and more precise placement of the MedPor implant. This minimally invasive approach can lead to quicker recovery times and less scarring.   3. Procedure: During the surgery, a high-density polyethylene (MedPor) implant is shaped to resemble the ear and is then covered with the patient's own tissue, usually harvested from beneath the scalp. The endoscopic method helps in accurately positioning the implant and ensuring good vascularization. 4. Benefits: ·         Early Age: This procedure can be performed on children as young as 3 to 5 years old. ·         Reduced Pain and Scarring: The endoscopic approach and single-stage nature of the surgery result in less postoperative pain and minimal visible scarring. 5. Improved Aesthetics: The MedPor implant can be customized to closely match the natural ear, providing better cosmetic results. 6. Considerations: As with any surgical procedure, there are risks, including infection and implant extrusion. However, these risks are generally low, and the benefits often outweigh the potential complications. This innovative approach offers a promising option for children with microtia, providing both functional and aesthetic improvements with fewer surgeries and faster recovery.

The suitable age for microtia surgery generally depends on the type of surgical procedure being considered and the child's physical and psychological readiness. Here are some guidelines: ·         Rib Cartilage Graft: This type of surgery is typically performed when the child is between 8 to 10 years old. At this age, the rib cartilage is sufficiently developed to provide a robust framework for the new ear. ·         MedPor Implant: This procedure can be done earlier, often around 3 to 5 years old. However, it carries a higher risk of complications such as infection. ·         General Considerations: It's important for the child to be psychologically mature enough to understand and consent to the surgery. Waiting until the child is older can also ensure better symmetry with the opposite ear and allow for more robust cartilage grafts. Ultimately, the decision should be made in consultation with a specialist who can assess the child's specific needs and readiness for surgery.

After extensive research, the team led by Associate Professor Dr. Nguyen Hong Ha has pioneered the world's first 'Superficial Temporal Artery Anatomical Classification,' which is now utilized in reconstructive surgery for microtia. This remarkable achievement by Dr. Ha and his colleagues represents a significant advancement in anatomical research and reconstructive surgery for congenital microtia deformities in children